Right-click on any Revit file in Windows Explorer and you see the Revit Properties option in the menu.
Selecting this command opens this dialog:
Pretty self explanatory... but notice this example is not a central file, worksharing is not enabled, I can open it and also copy this information or the preview image to the Clipboard.
Ok, your wondering "what if I have different versions of Revit installed or the Reivt file is an old version I don't have installed?". As in the previous image, the correct Revit version is automatically selected. In the image below, I don't have Revit 2011 installed so I can pick which version to use - and thus will expect an upgrade.
In the example below, the file in question is a Central file. So what happens if I open it from here... does it open the central file? Maybe.
You decide; but the default is "Create New Local".
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One warning: If you have increased Windows DPI scaling, maybe you have a 4k monitor, then this dialog does not yet resize, so it will be hard to read. I assume this will be fixed in a future update.